G1401

• {"n":"John 8:32-34","s":"The truth shall make you free. And the next sentence is about slavery, not about employment.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=john-8-32-34","r":"John 8:32-34","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"The King James reads servant of sin. Modern versions read slave of sin, which keeps the pair intact."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"**He's free now.** Free from what? The sentence only means something once you know what was holding him."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Eleutheroo, to set free, and doulos, slave, are the two poles of the argument from verse 32 to verse 36. In Greek the reply in verse 33, we were never in bondage, uses the same root, so the whole exchange is one vocabulary."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"English servant implies wages and the option of leaving, which removes the force of the contrast with freedom."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"When a paragraph turns on a contrast, check that both halves are rendered from the same word family. Breaking the family breaks the argument."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"Modern versions overwhelmingly read slave here; the King James reads servant."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u1f10\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c9 eleutheroo \u00b7 G1659 \/ \u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 doulos \u00b7 G1401"}],"src":["The word family across John 8:32-36","Romans 6:16-22 runs the same pair","doulos as ownership rather than employment"]}
• {"n":"doulos","s":"Slave. English versions mostly print servant, and the two are not the same relationship.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=doulos","r":"Romans 1:1","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"The King James, NIV and ESV mostly read servant. The CSB and NET read slave. The HCSB shifted toward slave and drew argument for it."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"**He works for her.** **He belongs to her household.** One is employment and one is belonging, and English only really has the first."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Doulos is a slave, owned property, and Greek had separate words for a hired worker. The word is used of Paul, of Christ at Philippians 2:7, and of believers generally."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"English servant implies wages and the option of leaving. Slave carries the American chattel system with it, which is a different institution from the ancient one and is why translators hesitate."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"When translators avoid the plain rendering of a word, ask what they were protecting the reader from. Sometimes the protection costs more than it saves."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"Servant is the majority rendering in English versions. Slave is the more literal one and is gaining ground in recent translations."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 doulos \u00b7 G1401"}],"src":["doulos of Paul: Romans 1:1; Philippians 1:1; Titus 1:1","doulos of Christ: Philippians 2:7","misthios, a hired worker, is the contrasting word: Luke 15:17"]}