G5056

• {"n":"John 13:1","s":"He loved them unto the end. To the finish, or to the utmost.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=john-13-1","r":"John 13:1","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"The King James and ESV read to the end. The NIV reads the full extent of his love. The NASB reads to the end and footnotes perfectly."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"**She went to the end.** Until it was over, or as far as anyone could go? English has the same double meaning and usually leaves you to work it out from context. Here the context does not settle it."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Eis telos can be temporal, to the last, or intensive, completely, utterly. Telos itself means both a finish and a goal, which is the same range that makes Romans 10:4 an argument."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"English end carries both, but the phrase to the end has hardened into the temporal sense, so a reader gets one of the two for free and never sees the other."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"When you meet a word twice in a tool, the second meeting is the test. You already know telos splits between finish and goal. Watch it split again here."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"Temporal fits the narrative, which is moving toward the cross. Intensive fits the foot-washing that immediately follows, which is an act of love taken to its limit. Both are defensible and the Greek allows either."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 eis telos \u00b7 G5056"}],"src":["eis telos temporal: Matthew 10:22; Mark 13:13","eis telos intensive: Luke 18:5; 1 Thessalonians 2:16","The foot-washing in John 13:2-17 is the immediate context"]}
• {"n":"Romans 10:4","s":"Christ is the end of the law. Stopped, or arrived at? The Greek noun means both.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=romans-10-4","r":"Romans 10:4","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"The King James, ESV and NASB read end. The NIV reads culmination. The CSB reads end of the law with a footnote. The NET reads end with a substantial note."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"**The end of the road.** Is that where the road stops existing, or the place it was taking you all along? Same three words, and only the rest of the sentence tells you. English has this ambiguity and rarely notices it."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Telos means a finish, and it also means a goal, a purpose, the point at which something arrives at what it was for. English end has both senses too, which is why the rendering survives, but modern English weights it heavily toward termination."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"English end still technically carries both, so no translator is forced to choose. But the reader chooses without knowing there was a choice, and most readers now hear termination."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"Some English words still carry the full range of the Greek and have quietly narrowed in usage. Those are the dangerous ones, because nothing in the text looks odd enough to make you check."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"End as termination makes the verse a statement that the law's era is over. End as goal makes it a statement that the law was pointing here all along and has arrived. The word carries both, the context in Romans 9 and 10 is argued both ways, and this is one of the genuine open questions in Pauline scholarship rather than a case where one side is careless."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 telos \u00b7 G5056"}],"src":["Telos as goal or outcome: 1 Timothy 1:5; James 5:11; 1 Peter 1:9","Telos as termination: Matthew 24:6; Mark 3:26","The literature on Romans 10:4 divides along exactly this line; NET translators' note at the verse summarises both"]}