G5485

• {"n":"John 1:14b","s":"Full of grace and truth. That is a Hebrew pair, and it comes from Exodus 34.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=john-1-14b","r":"John 1:14","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"All English versions read grace and truth. None can show that the phrase is a quotation of a formula."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"**Come good and early.** That is not two instructions. Good and early is one idea said with two words, and nobody hears it as a list. English does this and then forgets it does. Hebrew does it constantly."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Charis kai aletheia is widely taken as the Greek rendering of hesed we-emet, steadfast love and faithfulness, the pair God speaks over himself in Exodus 34:6 when Moses asks to see his glory. John has just said we beheld his glory. The allusion is to a specific scene."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"English grace and truth reads as two abstract nouns joined by and. In Hebrew the pair is a fixed formula with a single referent, covenant loyalty, and the second word steadies the first."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"When two abstract nouns are joined in the New Testament and both are common Septuagint words, check whether they are a Hebrew word-pair rather than two separate ideas. Hebrew often says one thing with two words."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"Nothing in the translation is contested. What is contested is how firmly to press the Exodus 34 allusion, and the glory language in the same verse is the strongest argument for pressing it."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 charis \u00b7 G5485 \/ \u1f00\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 aletheia \u00b7 G225"}],"src":["Exodus 34:6, rav hesed we-emet, in the Septuagint polyeleos kai alethinos","John 1:17 names Moses in the next verse, which supports the allusion"]}