G656

• {"n":"John 9:22","s":"Put out of the synagogue. A compound word that appears nowhere before John.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=john-9-22","r":"John 9:22","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"Versions read put out of the synagogue, or excommunicated."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"A word that appears nowhere earlier can mean the writer coined it, or that the thing it names was new, or simply that nothing else survives. Those are three different conclusions from one fact."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Aposunagogos occurs three times, all in John, and nowhere else in Greek literature before him. Whether it reflects a formal first-century policy or an informal local exclusion is argued at length, and the dating of the Gospel is often attached to the answer."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"No single English word covers it, so every version uses a phrase, and the fact that the Greek is one coined word disappears."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"When a word occurs only in one author, the absence of other witnesses is a fact about what survives as much as about what existed."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"Put out of the synagogue is the majority rendering."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 aposunagogos \u00b7 G656"}],"src":["All three occurrences: John 9:22; 12:42; 16:2","No attestation before John","The Birkat ha-Minim debate in the dating literature"]}