H3045

• {"n":"Genesis 18:19","s":"I know him, that he will command his children. Know here names a relationship, not a fact.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=genesis-18-19","r":"Genesis 18:19","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"Every version reads know or have chosen, both reasonable, since English know already covers relational closeness in some contexts, though not as centrally as Hebrew yada does."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"English **I know that fact** and **I know my spouse** both use the same verb, but everyone hears the difference from context. Hebrew yada spans that same range but leans harder toward the relational end, used of covenant partners choosing and being chosen, not only of holding information."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Yada covers factual knowledge but also intimate, covenantal, and elective relationship: it is the verb used of a husband knowing his wife at Genesis 4:1, of covenant partners recognizing mutual obligation in ancient treaty language, and here of God's chosen, purposeful relationship with Abraham, entered into precisely so that Abraham will direct his household toward righteousness and justice."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"English know defaults to information first and relationship only by context or added words, spouse, friend, personally. Hebrew yada carries the relational, chosen sense as one of its ordinary meanings, so a bare English I know understates the covenant weight the Hebrew verb is carrying here."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"When God or a covenant partner is the subject of know in the Hebrew Bible, weight the relational and elective sense at least as heavily as the informational one. The word is regularly doing covenant work, not simply reporting mental content."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"Know or have chosen both work as English glosses; neither alone captures the full range, factual awareness, intimate relationship, and covenant recognition, that yada carries as a single word here."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u05d9\u05b8\u05d3\u05b7\u05e2 yada \u00b7 H3045"}],"src":["yada used of sexual intimacy: Genesis 4:1","yada in ancient Near Eastern treaty language for covenant recognition: standard treatments in Hebrew theological wordbooks"]}