H6119

• {"n":"Psalm 41:9","s":"Mine own familiar friend hath lifted up his heel against me. Akev, heel, the same root as Jacob's name, applied by Jesus to Judas's betrayal.","u":"https:\/\/jayms.com\/bible-study-tools-2\/bible-translation-differences\/#id=psalm-41-9","r":"Psalm 41:9","b":[{"l":"How modern translations read it","t":"Every version reads lifted up his heel against me or a similar phrase, correctly, and John 13:18's Gospel citation of this verse for Judas is well known, but neither translation shows an English reader that heel here is the same word running through Jacob's whole story."},{"l":"First, in plain English","t":"English lifted up his heel reads as an odd, archaic idiom for betrayal, with no built-in connection to anything else in the Bible. In Hebrew, the heel-word carries a long history: it is Jacob's own name, tied since Genesis to grasping, supplanting, and betrayal, and this psalm's use of it for betrayal by a trusted friend is precisely the verse Jesus applies to Judas."},{"l":"What you are seeing","t":"Akev, heel, is the same root behind Ya'akov, Jacob, first explained at Genesis 25:26 as grasping his brother's heel at birth, and reinterpreted by Esau at Genesis 27:36 as supplanted, deceived, a betrayal sense the root carries elsewhere too. Jesus quotes this exact verse, he that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me, at John 13:18, applying it directly to Judas's betrayal at a shared meal, drawing on the same heel-vocabulary that has carried treachery and supplanting since Jacob's own birth."},{"l":"Why translators split","t":"English lifted up his heel is an isolated, archaic-sounding idiom for betrayal with no visible connection to anything else in the Bible; the Hebrew reader, by contrast, hears the same root that has already carried deception and supplanting since Genesis, so Jesus's quotation of this verse for Judas draws on a much older web of association an English reader cannot access."},{"l":"The rule to carry away","t":"If a quotation applies an Old Testament verse to a specific act of betrayal, check whether the underlying Hebrew vocabulary already carries that association elsewhere in the Bible. The heel-root's long history with deception, running from Jacob through this psalm to Judas, is exactly this kind of accumulated resonance."},{"l":"Choosing between them","t":"Lifted up his heel is the uncontested sense here; no rendering is in dispute. What's worth tracing is this verse's vocabulary back through the same root's long biblical history with deception and betrayal, a thread running from Jacob's birth through this psalm to Jesus's own application of the verse to Judas."},{"l":"The word","t":"\u05e2\u05b8\u05e7\u05b5\u05d1 akev (heel; cf. Ya'akov, Jacob) \u00b7 H6119"}],"src":["John 13:18's direct quotation applied to Judas","The same root's history at Genesis 25:26 and 27:36"]}