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Echoes of Revelation
Revelation never quotes the Old Testament outright, yet no New Testament book refers to it more. See both texts side by side, why they don’t match, and what John does with them.
Revelation 10:11, prophesy again about many nations and kings
Two study Bibles hear in John's renewed commission Jeremiah's call as a prophet set over nations and kingdoms.
Revelation 10:11, in every translation this tool compares.
A new manager may be handed the same job title as a famous predecessor. At his call Jeremiah was told that God had set him over nations and kingdoms. Ezekiel was sent only to Israel. John is sent, like Jeremiah, to many peoples and kings. Two study Bibles hear Jeremiah's call in John's new commission.
A prophet whose word reaches nations (ethne) and rulers. Jeremiah 1:10 in Greek sets the prophet over nations and kingdoms (basileias); John prophesies about nations and kings (basileusin).
Jeremiah has kingdoms; John has kings. Jeremiah's word roots up and plants; John's is mostly judgment, Beale says. Jeremiah is appointed once; John is told to prophesy again. The likeness is in scope, not in wording.
The point is reach. Ezekiel's scroll was for Israel, but John's word goes out like Jeremiah's, to the nations. The NIV Biblical Theology Study Bible adds that the nations must worship God and the Lamb, and those who side with Babylon face wrath.
Not a replacement for the Ezekiel echo. The scroll of 10:8-10 is Ezekiel's; Jeremiah adds only the scope of the call.
The NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible notes that Ezekiel was to speak only to Israel (Ezekiel 3:1), but John, like Jeremiah (1:10), would prophesy to many peoples. The NIV Biblical Theology Study Bible ties the universal scope to Jeremiah's call as a prophet to the nations with authority over nations and kingdoms (Jeremiah 1:5, 10). Keener compares the oracles against the nations in Isaiah 13-23, Jeremiah 46-51, Ezekiel 25-32 and Amos 1-2. The vault's Septuagint of Jeremiah 1:10 reads kathestaka se semeron epi ethne kai epi basileias. Beale does not cite Jeremiah 1:10 here. The grade is possible: two study Bibles propose it, and the likeness is the range of the commission.
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- NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible, note on Revelation 10:11
- NIV Biblical Theology Study Bible, note on Revelation 10:11
- Craig S. Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament, on Revelation 10:11
- Septuagint, Jeremiah 1:10, Interlinear Greek-English Septuagint
- SBL Greek New Testament (MorphGNT), Revelation 10:11
