Did aliens build the pyramids and other monuments of ancient Egypt?

The 'aliens built the pyramids' claim collapses on its own evidence trail. We have the builders' own paperwork: the Diary of Merer (papyri found at Wadi al-Jarf, published 2013-2016) logs a work gang hauling limestone from Tura to Giza during the reign of Khufu, in the exact years the Great Pyramid was under construction. Excavations at the Giza workers' village uncovered bakeries, breweries, a medical facility with evidence of healed fractures, and worker cemeteries with titles like 'overseer of the side of the pyramid': the infrastructure of a large, organized, well-fed Egyptian labor force, not a slave army and certainly not an off-world one. The architectural sequence is also fully continuous and homegrown: Djoser's Step Pyramid (c. 2670 BC) leads to Sneferu's Bent and Red Pyramids, which lead to Khufu's Great Pyramid a generation later, each one an engineering iteration on the last, complete with the mistakes (the Bent Pyramid's collapsed original angle) that a borrowed alien blueprint would not produce.

Here is where the claim also fails on its own biblical premise, which the ancient-astronaut framing gets backwards. Ancient astronaut theorists often gesture at Exodus to argue Israelite slaves 'couldn't have' built such monuments without help, but Exodus never claims Israel built the pyramids at all. Exodus 1:11 is specific: the Israelites were forced to build store-cities, Pithom and Raamses, for Pharaoh: mudbrick supply depots (Exodus 5:7-19 describes the actual brick-and-straw labor), not stone monuments at Giza. And the dating doesn't work regardless: the Great Pyramid was built roughly 2560 BC, in Egypt's Fourth Dynasty, centuries before either proposed date for the Exodus (the early date near 1446 BC or the late date near 1250 BC). The Israelites of the Exodus narrative were not alive yet when the pyramids went up.

What Exodus actually offers is a real supernatural contest narrative set in Egypt, just not the one ancient-astronaut theory needs. In Exodus 7-8, Pharaoh's court magicians (the ḥarṭummîm) replicate Aaron's staff-to-serpent sign and the first two plagues, water-to-blood and frogs, using their own arts, then fail completely at the third, the gnats, and tell Pharaoh, 'This is the finger of God' (Exodus 8:19). Exodus 12:12 frames the whole plague sequence as Yahweh executing judgment 'against all the gods of Egypt.' That is the Bible's own account of a genuine power confrontation in Egypt: Yahweh versus Egypt's court magic and, behind it, Egypt's gods, not a folk claim requiring extraterrestrial engineers to explain a construction project the biblical text doesn't even attribute to Israel.